Italy Photography

Standing at the entrance of the Loggia dei Lanzi in Piazza della Signoria, the Medici Lions have long served as symbolic guardians of one of Florence's most celebrated public spaces. The pair consists of an ancient Roman lion and a companion sculpture carved in the late 16th century by Flaminio Vacca, together reflecting the Medici family's patronage of art and their influence during the Renaissance. Positioned beside the open-air sculpture gallery, they have welcomed visitors for centuries while remaining enduring landmarks of Florence's artistic and cultural legacy.

Completed in 1725, the Spanish Steps form one of Rome's most recognizable architectural landmarks, linking Piazza di Spagna with the Church of Trinità dei Monti at the summit. Designed by Francesco de Sanctis, the monumental staircase has served for centuries as a gathering place for residents and visitors while connecting one of the city's most elegant squares with the Pincian Hill. Its sweeping Baroque design remains an enduring symbol of Rome's historic urban landscape.

The Colosseum has stood at the heart of Rome for nearly two thousand years as one of the greatest achievements of Roman engineering and architecture. Commissioned by Emperor Vespasian and completed under Titus in the first century AD, the amphitheatre hosted gladiatorial contests, public spectacles, and ceremonial events. Today, it remains one of Italy's most recognized landmarks and a lasting symbol of the history and legacy of the Roman Empire.

Located at the southern end of Piazza Navona, the Fontana del Moro was originally designed by Giacomo della Porta in the 16th century and later enhanced with Gian Lorenzo Bernini's central figure of the Moor wrestling a dolphin. Surrounded by one of Rome's most celebrated public squares, the fountain remains a prominent example of Baroque sculpture and the city's rich artistic and architectural legacy.

Trastevere is one of Rome's most historic districts, known for its narrow cobbled streets, ivy-covered buildings, and centuries-old architecture. Located on the west bank of the Tiber River, the neighborhood has preserved much of its traditional character and remains one of the city's most recognizable areas, reflecting the everyday life and rich cultural heritage of Rome.

Completed in the 2nd century AD under Emperor Hadrian, Ponte Sant'Angelo has connected the historic center of Rome with Castel Sant'Angelo for centuries. Lined with Baroque angel sculptures by Gian Lorenzo Bernini and his workshop, the bridge offers one of the city's most iconic views toward the dome of St. Peter's Basilica, bringing together Roman history, Renaissance architecture, and the enduring legacy of Vatican City.

Built during the Flavian dynasty in the 1st century AD, the Colosseum is the largest surviving amphitheatre of the ancient world and one of Rome's most iconic monuments. For centuries it has stood as a testament to Roman engineering, architecture, and history, attracting visitors from around the world as one of Italy's most recognized cultural landmarks.

The Cross of San Giovanni stands in Piazza del Duomo, where it has long been associated with the religious traditions of Florence and the city's patron saint, St. John the Baptist. Surrounded by some of Florence's most significant monuments, including the Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore and the Baptistery of San Giovanni, it forms part of a historic setting that has remained at the heart of Florentine civic and spiritual life for centuries.

Trajan's Market is regarded as one of the world's earliest large-scale commercial complexes, commissioned by Emperor Trajan in the early 2nd century AD as part of his monumental forum. Rising beside the ancient structures, the Tower of the Milizie was added during the medieval period, creating a striking contrast between Imperial Roman architecture and the city's later historical development.

For centuries, the Colosseum has stood as one of the greatest surviving monuments of the Roman Empire, reflecting the engineering skill and ambition of ancient Rome. Its vast interior once accommodated thousands of spectators gathered for public spectacles, and today it remains one of Italy's most visited archaeological landmarks, offering a direct connection to the city's remarkable past.

For generations, Piazza del Popolo has welcomed travelers arriving in Rome, serving as the historic gateway to the city from the north. Framed by elegant churches, fountains, and monumental architecture, the square has played an important role in Rome's civic life while remaining one of its most celebrated public spaces and gathering places.

Rising above the historic center of Florence, the dome of Santa Maria del Fiore transformed Renaissance architecture through Filippo Brunelleschi's innovative engineering and design. Completed in the 15th century, it remains one of the city's most celebrated landmarks, symbolizing the artistic achievements and architectural legacy that shaped Florence during the Renaissance.

Created by Italian sculptor Pio Fedi between 1865 and 1874, The Rape of Polyxena is one of the most admired works displayed in the open-air gallery of the Loggia dei Lanzi. Inspired by Greek mythology, the sculpture captures a dramatic moment with remarkable technical mastery and expressive detail, contributing to the rich artistic legacy that defines Piazza della Signoria and the historic center of Florence.

Named in honor of King Victor Emmanuel II, the bridge was completed in the early 20th century to improve access between Rome's historic center and the Vatican. Distinguished by its monumental sculptures and elegant architectural design, Ponte Vittorio Emanuele II remains one of the city's principal crossings over the Tiber River, connecting two of Rome's most historically significant areas.

The Angel with the Nails is one of the ten angel sculptures that adorn Ponte Sant'Angelo, each representing an element of Christ's Passion. Conceived under the direction of Gian Lorenzo Bernini during the 17th century, these sculptures transformed the bridge into one of Rome's finest examples of Baroque public art, guiding visitors along the historic route toward Castel Sant'Angelo and St. Peter's Basilica.

Known as the Regina Viarum, or "Queen of Roads," the Appian Way was one of the earliest and most important highways of ancient Rome, connecting the capital with southern Italy. Lined with ancient paving stones, tombs, and archaeological remains, it continues to offer a remarkable glimpse into the Roman world while standing as one of Italy's most significant historic routes.

Recognized around the world as an icon of Rome, the Colosseum has witnessed nearly two thousand years of history, surviving the rise and fall of empires, natural disasters, and centuries of change. Today, it stands as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of Italy's most visited cultural monuments, reflecting the lasting influence of Roman civilization on architecture and engineering.

Completed during the early 20th century, the Vittoriano was built to honor Victor Emmanuel II, the first king of a unified Italy. Its monumental design combines grand stairways, Corinthian columns, and symbolic sculptures, while the Liberty statues that crown the monument represent ideals of unity, freedom, and the nation's historical identity, making it one of Rome's most prominent landmarks.

Erected in AD 315, the Arch of Constantine is the largest surviving triumphal arch in Rome. Created to celebrate Constantine's victory over Maxentius, the monument incorporates sculptural elements from earlier imperial monuments, reflecting the artistic traditions of the Roman Empire while standing as one of the most significant ceremonial arches of antiquity.

Crossing the Arno River since the 14th century, the Ponte Vecchio is the oldest bridge in Florence and one of the city's most recognizable landmarks. Known for the shops built along its structure, it has served merchants, artisans, and goldsmiths for centuries, remaining a remarkable example of medieval engineering and an enduring symbol of Florence's architectural and cultural heritage.

Spread across the countryside near Tivoli, Hadrian's Villa was conceived as the imperial retreat of Emperor Hadrian during the 2nd century AD. The Great Thermae formed an essential part of this extraordinary complex, reflecting the importance of bathing culture in Roman daily life while showcasing the scale, innovation, and architectural sophistication of one of the Roman Empire's most remarkable archaeological sites.

Offering one of the finest panoramic viewpoints in the historic center, the terraces of the Vittoriano provide sweeping views across Rome's monuments, churches, and ancient landmarks. Designed as part of the Monument to Victor Emmanuel II, the elevated terraces have become a destination for visitors seeking a broader perspective of the Eternal City and its centuries of architectural history.

Dominating the skyline of Vatican City, the dome of St. Peter's Basilica is regarded as one of the masterpieces of Renaissance architecture. Designed through the contributions of renowned architects including Michelangelo, its monumental form has become an enduring feature of Rome's landscape, representing centuries of artistic achievement, religious history, and architectural innovation.

Nestled in the countryside of Tivoli, Hadrian's Villa extends across a vast landscape that once formed the private residence of Emperor Hadrian. Inspired by places he visited throughout the Roman Empire, the estate combined palaces, gardens, baths, temples, and reflecting pools into a remarkable architectural complex. Today, it stands as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, preserving the vision and cultural influence of one of Rome's most accomplished emperors.

Garlic has been an essential ingredient in Italian cuisine for centuries, valued for both its culinary and traditional uses. Strings of garlic remain a familiar sight in markets, food shops, and historic neighborhoods throughout Rome, reflecting the enduring connection between local food culture, craftsmanship, and everyday life in Italy.

Standing within the Roman Forum, the Temple of Antoninus and Faustina was dedicated in the 2nd century AD by Emperor Antoninus Pius in honor of his wife Faustina and later rededicated after the emperor's death. Its imposing Corinthian columns have survived the passage of time, illustrating how many ancient Roman monuments were preserved through centuries of adaptation while remaining central to the archaeological landscape of Rome.

Among the many structures that define Hadrian's Villa, the Tre Esedre reflects the architectural sophistication and ambitious design of the imperial estate. Created as part of a complex that blended residential, ceremonial, and leisure spaces, the villa remains one of the finest surviving examples of Roman architecture, offering valuable insight into the vision of Emperor Hadrian and the cultural achievements of the Roman Empire.

For centuries, the route across Ponte Sant'Angelo has connected the historic center of Rome with Castel Sant'Angelo and the Vatican. Framed by Baroque angel sculptures and leading toward the distinctive dome of St. Peter's Basilica, this historic crossing brings together layers of Roman history, architecture, and religious heritage within one of the city's most recognizable views.

Positioned in Piazza di San Giovanni, the Cross of San Giovanni forms part of the historic setting surrounding Florence Cathedral and the Baptistery of San Giovanni. The square has served for centuries as the religious and civic heart of Florence, where Renaissance architecture, public ceremonies, and the city's enduring cultural traditions continue to define one of Italy's most significant historic centers.

At the heart of Florence, the Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore has shaped the city's skyline for centuries. Dedicated to Saint Mary of the Flower, the cathedral reflects the artistic vision and architectural innovation that flourished during the Renaissance, remaining one of Italy's most celebrated monuments and a defining landmark of Florence's historic center.

Spanning the Arno River since the 16th century, Ponte Santa Trinita is widely regarded as one of the finest examples of Renaissance bridge design. Originally designed by Bartolomeo Ammannati, its graceful elliptical arches have made it an enduring landmark of Florence, while its reconstruction after the Second World War reflects the city's commitment to preserving its architectural and cultural heritage.

Designed to provide access to Emperor Hadrian's mausoleum, Ponte Sant'Angelo has remained an important crossing of the Tiber River for nearly two thousand years. Today, its historic setting, Baroque sculptures, and alignment with the dome of St. Peter's Basilica create one of Rome's most enduring architectural vistas, reflecting the city's remarkable continuity from the ancient world to the Renaissance and beyond.

Overlooking the Roman Forum for more than eighteen centuries, the Arch of Septimius Severus remains one of the finest preserved triumphal arches of ancient Rome. Richly decorated with carved reliefs celebrating imperial military campaigns, the monument reflects the ceremonial importance of the Forum as the political, religious, and civic center of the Roman Empire.

Flowing through the heart of Florence, the Arno River has shaped the city's history, commerce, and development since medieval times. Its banks are lined with some of Florence's most significant architectural landmarks, creating a landscape where Renaissance palaces, historic bridges, and centuries of urban history continue to reflect the cultural legacy of one of Italy's most celebrated cities.

Designed by Francesco Borromini during the 17th century, the Church of Sant'Ivo alla Sapienza is regarded as one of the masterpieces of Baroque architecture. Its remarkable geometric plan and elegant spiral lantern reflect Borromini's originality, making the church a defining work of Roman architecture and one of the most significant landmarks of the city's artistic heritage.

For more than five centuries, St. Peter's Basilica has stood as one of the world's most significant religious and architectural monuments. Built over the traditional burial site of Saint Peter, the basilica brought together the talents of architects including Bramante, Raphael, Michelangelo, and Bernini, leaving a lasting legacy that continues to shape the artistic and cultural history of Rome.

Recognized as one of Italy's greatest architectural achievements, the Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore represents the artistic and cultural flourishing of Renaissance Florence. Its monumental scale, richly decorated façade, and enduring presence at the heart of the historic city have made it one of the world's most celebrated cathedrals and a lasting symbol of Florence's architectural legacy.

The Golden Square, or Piazza d'Oro, is among the most refined areas of Hadrian's Villa, renowned for its harmonious architecture and elegant colonnades. Thought to have served as an exclusive residential and ceremonial space, it reflects Emperor Hadrian's appreciation for architecture inspired by the cultures and landscapes he encountered throughout the Roman Empire, preserving one of antiquity's most extraordinary architectural ensembles.

Stretching across the Tiber River since the early 20th century, Ponte Vittorio Emanuele II serves as an important connection between Rome's historic center and Vatican City. From the bridge, the dome of St. Peter's Basilica rises above the skyline, creating one of the city's most recognizable views while bringing together centuries of Roman history, Christian heritage, and monumental architecture.

Seen from Ponte Sant'Angelo, Castel Sant'Angelo rises beside the Tiber as one of Rome's most enduring historic monuments. Originally built as the mausoleum of Emperor Hadrian, it later served as a fortress and papal refuge, reflecting the many layers of the city's history.

For nearly two thousand years, the Pantheon has stood as one of the greatest architectural achievements of the ancient world. Originally built as a temple and later consecrated as a Christian church, its vast interior, harmonious proportions, and monumental dome have inspired generations of architects, preserving a remarkable link between Rome's classical heritage and its enduring Christian history.

Dedicated to Saint Mary of the Flower, the Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore has stood at the center of Florentine life for centuries as a place of Christian worship and one of the city's defining monuments. Together with the Baptistery of San Giovanni and Giotto's Bell Tower, it forms an extraordinary architectural ensemble that reflects the artistic, religious, and historical significance of Florence throughout the Renaissance and beyond.

Defined by its repeating tiers of arches, the Colosseum remains one of the finest surviving examples of Roman engineering and architectural design. Its distinctive façade has influenced public buildings around the world for centuries, while continuing to symbolize the ingenuity, ambition, and lasting cultural heritage of ancient Rome.

Throughout its history, the Colosseum has become far more than an ancient amphitheatre, standing as an international symbol of Rome and the remarkable achievements of Roman civilization. Its enduring presence continues to connect visitors with the city's rich archaeological heritage, preserving one of the world's most influential monuments for future generations.

From the banks of the Tiber River, the view toward Ponte Sant'Angelo and St. Peter's Basilica captures two of Rome's most enduring landmarks. Once the principal route for pilgrims approaching the Vatican, the bridge has welcomed countless visitors through the centuries, while the dome of St. Peter's Basilica continues to define the skyline as one of Christianity's most significant architectural and spiritual monuments.

As the seat of the Papacy for centuries, Vatican City holds profound religious, historical, and artistic significance within Christianity. Enclosed by the city of Rome, it is home to St. Peter's Basilica, the Vatican Museums, and masterpieces created by artists such as Michelangelo, Raphael, and Bernini, making it one of the world's most important centers of Christian faith, art, and cultural heritage.

For centuries, the interior of St. Peter's Basilica has inspired pilgrims, artists, and architects from around the world. The monumental dome, designed through the vision of Michelangelo and completed after his death, crowns one of Christianity's most sacred churches, where architecture, faith, and artistic achievement come together in one of the defining monuments of the Renaissance.

Designated as part of the Historic Centre of Rome UNESCO World Heritage Site, the Colosseum remains one of the world's most significant archaeological monuments. Its monumental structure has endured through centuries of history, preserving the architectural ingenuity of ancient Rome while continuing to stand as one of Italy's most recognized and visited cultural landmarks.

For more than six centuries, the Ponte Vecchio has connected the two banks of the Arno while remaining at the heart of Florence's commercial and artistic life. Famous for the goldsmiths' workshops that line the bridge, it has survived floods, wars, and the passage of time, preserving a remarkable piece of Florence's medieval heritage and one of Italy's most iconic architectural landmarks.

Adorned with Baroque angel sculptures inspired by Gian Lorenzo Bernini, Ponte Sant'Angelo has become one of Rome's most celebrated architectural landmarks. Originally built during the reign of Emperor Hadrian, the bridge has witnessed nearly two millennia of Roman history, serving as a ceremonial approach to Castel Sant'Angelo and an enduring feature of the Eternal City's historic landscape.

Designed by Giotto di Bondone in the 14th century, Giotto's Bell Tower is celebrated for its harmonious proportions and richly decorated marble façade. Standing alongside Florence Cathedral and the Baptistery of San Giovanni, it forms part of one of Italy's most remarkable architectural ensembles, reflecting the artistic vision that helped shape the Renaissance city of Florence.

Once the political, religious, and commercial heart of the Roman Empire, the Roman Forum preserves the remains of temples, triumphal arches, and public buildings that shaped the history of ancient Rome. The Temple of Saturn, with its surviving columns, stands among the Forum's most recognizable monuments, reflecting the city's enduring architectural legacy and its influence on Western civilization.

Carved into the temple's façade, the inscription M·AGRIPPA·L·F·COS·TERTIVM·FECIT honors Marcus Agrippa, who commissioned the original Pantheon during the reign of Augustus. Although the present structure was rebuilt under Emperor Hadrian, the inscription was preserved as a tribute to its origins, reflecting the Roman tradition of honoring the legacy of earlier generations while creating one of history's most influential architectural masterpieces.

For nearly two thousand years, the Colosseum has remained at the center of Rome's historical landscape, reflecting the scale and ambition of one of the greatest civilizations in history. Today, it continues to draw visitors from around the world, preserving the legacy of ancient Roman architecture while standing as one of Italy's most recognized cultural treasures.

The Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore is admired not only for its monumental dome but also for its richly decorated façades, clad in white, green, and pink marble sourced from across Tuscany. Every elevation of the cathedral reflects centuries of artistic vision and architectural refinement, contributing to one of the most celebrated religious monuments in Italy and the historic heart of Florence.

Opened to the public in 1911, Ponte Vittorio Emanuele II was constructed to commemorate the first king of unified Italy while improving the connection between the historic center and the Vatican. Distinguished by its monumental sculptures and elegant stone architecture, the bridge remains an important landmark along the Tiber River, reflecting Rome's evolution from the ancient city to the modern capital of Italy.

For centuries, the Roman Forum served as the center of political, judicial, religious, and commercial life in ancient Rome. Emperors, senators, and citizens gathered among its monuments to shape the course of the Empire, leaving behind one of the world's most significant archaeological landscapes and a lasting testament to the history of Roman civilization.

From within its vast stone walls, the Colosseum reveals the remarkable scale and ingenuity of Roman engineering that has endured through the centuries. The surviving tiers, arches, and arena continue to illustrate the sophistication of Roman construction techniques, preserving one of Italy's most iconic monuments and offering a unique perspective on the architectural legacy of the ancient world.

Bordering the Roman Forum, the Arch of Septimius Severus and the Church of Santi Luca e Martina reflect two distinct periods of Rome's long history. While the triumphal arch commemorates the achievements of a Roman emperor, the church, redesigned by Pietro da Cortona in the 17th century, represents the artistic vision of the Baroque era, illustrating the remarkable continuity of architecture and history that defines the Eternal City.

For more than six centuries, the Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore has stood as the spiritual and architectural centerpiece of Florence. Its monumental scale and artistic significance reflect the city's remarkable contribution to the Renaissance, while its presence continues to inspire visitors from around the world as one of Italy's most treasured religious and cultural monuments.

Commissioned by Pope Innocent X and completed in 1651, the Fountain of the Four Rivers represents the Nile, Ganges, Danube, and Río de la Plata, symbolizing the great rivers of the continents known at the time. Designed by Gian Lorenzo Bernini, the fountain stands as one of the defining works of Baroque sculpture, bringing together architecture, symbolism, and movement in the heart of Piazza Navona.

Originally dedicated to the gods of ancient Rome, the Pantheon has served as a place of Christian worship since the 7th century, a transformation that contributed to its remarkable preservation. Its harmonious proportions, monumental portico, and iconic dome have made it one of the most influential buildings in architectural history and one of Rome's most admired landmarks.

Adorning the western front of Florence Cathedral, the present façade reflects centuries of artistic craftsmanship and architectural vision. Completed in the 19th century by Emilio De Fabris, it harmoniously complements the cathedral's medieval origins while preserving the elegance and grandeur that have made Santa Maria del Fiore one of Italy's most admired religious landmarks.

Stretching along the ancient Appian Way, the Villa of Maxentius was commissioned by Emperor Maxentius in the early 4th century AD as an imperial residence and ceremonial complex. The site includes the remains of a palace, a circus, and the Mausoleum of Romulus, offering a remarkable insight into the final years of imperial Rome while preserving one of the city's most important archaeological landscapes.

Rising beside the Roman Forum and Palatine Hill, the Colosseum occupies the heart of what was once the ceremonial and civic center of Imperial Rome. Its monumental presence continues to reflect the ambition, engineering, and architectural vision of the Roman Empire, making it one of Italy's most treasured historical landmarks and a timeless symbol of the Eternal City.

Surrounded by the remains of temples, basilicas, and triumphal monuments, the Roman Forum offers an extraordinary record of Rome's political, religious, and civic life. Walking through its ancient streets reveals the setting where emperors, senators, and citizens shaped the history of the Roman Empire, making it one of Italy's most significant archaeological treasures.

Suspended high above the city atop Brunelleschi's dome, Verrocchio's Golden Ball has crowned Florence Cathedral since the 15th century. Crafted in Andrea del Verrocchio's workshop, the gilded sphere reflects the remarkable skill of Renaissance artisans while completing one of the most celebrated architectural silhouettes in Italy, overlooking the historic skyline of Florence.

Dominating Piazza Venezia, the Monument to Victor Emmanuel II commemorates the unification of Italy and the reign of its first king. Commonly known as the Vittoriano or Altare della Patria, the monument combines grand architecture, symbolic sculpture, and sweeping terraces, standing as one of Rome's most recognizable landmarks and a tribute to Italy's modern national history.

Conceived by Filippo Brunelleschi, the cathedral's monumental dome transformed the course of architectural history through its innovative engineering and visionary design. Towering above Florence for centuries, it remains one of the greatest achievements of the Renaissance, symbolizing the creativity, craftsmanship, and cultural legacy that made the city a center of artistic excellence.

For generations, the Colosseum has stood as a landmark of Rome's rich archaeological heritage, preserving the legacy of a civilization that shaped the history of Europe and the Mediterranean. Its monumental form continues to inspire visitors from around the world, serving as a timeless reminder of the artistic, engineering, and cultural achievements of ancient Rome.

Believed to have housed members of the imperial guard or palace staff, the Praetorium forms part of the extensive architectural landscape of Hadrian's Villa. Together with palaces, baths, gardens, and ceremonial spaces, it reflects the remarkable scale and organization of one of the Roman Empire's most sophisticated imperial residences, preserving an exceptional chapter of Rome's architectural and historical legacy.

Standing beside Trajan's Forum, the Church of the Most Holy Name of Mary was built in the 18th century to commemorate the Christian victory at the Battle of Vienna in 1683. Its Baroque architecture and prominent location near the Imperial Forums reflect the close relationship between Rome's ancient monuments and its centuries of Christian history, creating a unique dialogue between classical antiquity and the city's religious heritage.

Known since antiquity as the Regina Viarum, or "Queen of Roads," the Appian Way played a vital role in the expansion of the Roman Republic and later the Roman Empire. Today, its ancient paving stones, monuments, and surrounding archaeological sites preserve an extraordinary journey through Rome's past, making it one of Italy's most important historic routes.

Dedicated by Emperor Antoninus Pius to his wife Faustina and later to the emperor himself, the Temple of Antoninus and Faustina has remained a prominent landmark of the Roman Forum since the 2nd century AD. Its remarkable preservation is due in part to its conversion into the Church of San Lorenzo in Miranda during the Middle Ages, allowing this extraordinary monument to endure as a testament to Rome's layered history and architectural heritage.

According to Roman tradition, Palatine Hill is the birthplace of Rome and the place where Romulus founded the city in 753 BC. Later chosen as the residence of emperors, the hill became the center of imperial power, preserving the remains of palaces, gardens, and archaeological treasures that continue to tell the story of Rome's origins and enduring legacy.

Founded by Julius Caesar in the 1st century BC, the Temple of Venus Genetrix formed the centerpiece of the Forum of Caesar, one of the first of Rome's Imperial Forums. Dedicated to Venus as the mythical ancestress of the Julian lineage, the temple reflected both religious devotion and political symbolism, becoming an enduring part of the architectural legacy of ancient Rome.

Crowning and surrounding the Monument to Victor Emmanuel II, the Angels of Glory form part of the rich sculptural program celebrating the unification of Italy. Their allegorical presence complements the monument's grand architectural design, contributing to one of Rome's most recognizable landmarks and honoring the historical legacy of Italy's first king.